SKU: 84451745121

AITRL Protein, Human

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Description

AITRL Protein, HumanProduct Specification Species Human Synonyms rHuActivation inducible TNF related Ligand AITRL; TNFSF18; GITRL; TL 6; rHuAITRL Accession Q9UNG2 Amino Acid Sequence Glu52 Ser177 Expression System E. coli Molecular Weight 14 kDa (Reducing) Purity 95% by SDS PAGE Endotoxin <0. 1EU g Conjugation Unconjugated Tag No Tag Physical Appearance Lyophilized Powder Storage Buffer PBS, pH7. 4. Reconstitution Reconstitute at 0. 1 1 mg ml according to the size in

Product Specification


Species Human
Synonyms rHuActivation-inducible TNF-related Ligand/AITRL; TNFSF18; GITRL; TL-6; rHuAITRL
Accession Q9UNG2
Amino Acid Sequence Glu52-Ser177
Expression System E.coli
Molecular Weight 14 kDa (Reducing)
Purity >95% by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin <0.1EU/μg
Conjugation Unconjugated
Tag No Tag
Physical Appearance Lyophilized Powder
Storage Buffer PBS, pH7.4.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 0.1-1 mg/ml according to the size in ultrapure water after rapid centrifugation.
Stability & Storage · 12 months from date of receipt, lyophilized powder stored at -20 to -80℃.
· 3 months, -20 to -80℃ under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
· 1 week, 2 to 8℃ under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
· Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Reference

Tian J, et al. The Role of GITR/GITRL Interaction in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol. 2020 Oct 9;11:588682.
Park MS, et al. The association of the activation-inducible tumor necrosis factor receptor and ligand with lumbar disc herniation. Yonsei Med J. 2007 Oct 31;48(5):839-46.
Lacal PM, et al. Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related ligand triggering upregulates vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and promotes leukocyte adhesion. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2013 Oct;347(1):164-72.
Wang F, et al. Structures of mouse and human GITR-GITRL complexes reveal unique TNF superfamily interactions. Nat Commun. 2021 Mar 2;12(1):1378.

Background

AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). GITR, a member of the TNFR superfamily, is expressed in T cells, natural killer cells and some myeloid cells. And GITRL is mainly expressed on antigen presenting cells (B cells, dendritic cells), macrophages and endothelial cells (ECs). When GITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. The interaction stimulates proliferation and cytokine production of both CD4+ Teff and Treg cells, and drives antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells. Besides, GITRL plays a role in EC-activation and promotes adhesion in both mice and humans, which increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the augmented expression of adhesion molecules such as VCAM-1 and ICAM-1.

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SKU: 84451745121

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ShainaKatt
Chelsea, US
★★★★★ 5
Dogs love them
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2)
Our dogs love these. What’s great is that you can add more plastic (like from water bottles) if the plastic starts to fall out from the center. If you have a chewer, though, these won’t last you long. Our shepherd mix loves these and then starts to pull the rubber apart the more she plays with it. Our other dogs treat it normally, though, and those ones last forever. They also get some decent height when bounced, and they make a unique whistling noise when thrown.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 17, 2025
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waragon
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 4
Our pup loves the cronch cronch!
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 1)
I bought our 15 month old Coton several Chuck-It toys on an Amazon deal. He is incredibly playful, mischievous, and ball/toy obsessed, especially for anything that makes noise. He can also be very destructive so I love how durable most of their products are - they’re among our longest lasting toys and worth every penny. We have yet to take them to the dog park, but they’re a perfect size for sharing in play time. And they are keeping him busy at home - that’s a good thing. He loves investigating the crunchy-cronchy-crinkly sound which is a nice change from squeakers. It can withstand his destructive chewing well-being, gentle on his little teeth. I love that. Chuck-It is thinking outside the box with a variety of balls to keep dogs engaged! I do worry about the crinkle plastic inside because it is accessible because of the air holes and it feels a little sharp. So this will have to be an at home toy so we can monitor his play.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 28, 2026
M
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Mystical Lady
Battle Creek, US
★★★★★ 5
Great products all around
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2)
Any of these balls are great! My dogs love all of them. The squeaky ones are their favorite!
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Reviewed in the United States on March 12, 2026
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Raquel
Draper, US
★★★★★ 5
My dog loves it!
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 1)
This crunch ball was a Christmas gift for my 65lbs fur baby. It’s now mid April and he still loves it. He loves running after it and chomping down on it. It is still in good shape despite all the chomping it’s gotta . I highly recommend. He goes back to this toy agin and again! Great buy.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 15, 2026
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HalfTrac
Lake Worth, US
★★★★★ 5
Our first babies favorite and longest lasting ball yet and he is fixing to be 7.
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2), Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2)
Toughest ball we have found yet. Our doberman loves Chuckit! Balls especially the crunch one. He spreads all the balls and toys we have bought but these lasted the longest. The crunch and the glow in the dark are usually his pick but he has several different choices.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 24, 2026

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