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Description
Human VLDLR ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0. 5 10uL, 5 50uL, 20 200uL, 200 1000uL 3. 37C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample preparation and requirements: Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre chilled PBS (0. 01M, pH 7. 4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and
Product Specification
| Usage | Required experimental equipment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High-precision pipettes and pipette tips: 0.5-10uL, 5-50uL, 20-200uL, 200-1000uL 3. 37°C incubator 4. Distilled or deionized water Sample preparation and requirements: Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre-chilled PBS (0.01M, pH 7.4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and mince the tissue. Add the minced tissue to the appropriate volume of PBS (generally a 1:9 weight-to-volume ratio, e.g., 1g of tissue sample to 9mL of PBS. The specific volume can be adjusted according to experimental needs and recorded. It is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS) in a glass homogenizer and grind thoroughly on ice. To further lyse tissue cells, the homogenate can be sonicated or repeatedly frozen and thawed. Finally, centrifuge the homogenate at 5000×g for 5-10 minutes, and collect the supernatant for analysis. Cell Lysis Buffer: Adherent cells should be gently washed with pre-chilled PBS, then trypsinized and harvested by centrifugation at 1000×g for 5 minutes. Suspension cells can be harvested directly by centrifugation. Collected cells should be washed three times with pre-chilled PBS and resuspended in 150-200 μL of PBS per 1×10^6 cells (it is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS; if the cell count is very low, reduce the PBS volume appropriately). Disrupt the cells by repeated freezing and thawing or sonication. Centrifuge the extract at 1500×g for 10 minutes at 2-8°C, and collect the supernatant for analysis. Other biological fluids: Centrifuge at 1000xg for 20 minutes, remove the supernatant, and test. Pre-test preparation: 1. Remove the test kit from the refrigerator 10 minutes in advance and equilibrate to room temperature. 2. Prepare the standard gradient working solution: Add 1 mL of universal diluent to the lyophilized standard, let it stand for 15 minutes to completely dissolve, then gently mix (concentration is 20 ng/mL). Then dilute to the following concentrations: 20 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.25 ng/mL, 0.625 ng/mL, 0.3125 ng/mL, and 0 ng/mL. Serial dilution method: Take 7 EP tubes and add 500 μL of universal diluent to each tube. Pipette 500 μL of the 20 ng/mL standard working solution into the first EP tube and mix thoroughly to make a 10 ng/mL standard working solution. Repeat this procedure for subsequent tubes. The last tube serves directly as a blank well; there is no need to aspirate the liquid from the penultimate tube. See the figure below for details. 3. Preparation of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the concentrated biotinylated antibody at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated biotinylated antibody to a 1× working concentration using universal diluent (e.g., 10µL concentrate + 990µL universal diluent). Prepare immediately before use. 4. Prepare the enzyme conjugate working solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the 100× concentrated enzyme conjugate at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated HRP enzyme conjugate to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10 μL of concentrate + 990 μL of universal diluent). Prepare immediately. 5. Prepare the 1× wash solution: Dispense 10 mL of 20× wash solution into 190 mL of distilled water (concentrated wash solution removed from the refrigerator may crystallize; this is normal. Allow to stand at room temperature until the crystals have completely dissolved before preparing). Procedure: 1. Remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag after equilibration at room temperature for 10 minutes. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return to 4°C. 2. Sample addition: Add 100 μL of sample or standard of varying concentrations to the corresponding wells. Add 100 μL of universal diluent to the blank wells. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. (Recommendation: Dilute the sample to be tested at least 1-fold with universal diluent before adding it to the ELISA plate. This will reduce the impact of matrix effects on the test results. The sample concentration should be multiplied by the corresponding dilution factor when calculating the final sample concentration. It is recommended to run replicates for all test samples and standards.) 3. Add Biotinylated Antibody: Remove the ELISA plate and discard the liquid without washing. Add 100 μL of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution directly to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. 4. Wash: Discard the liquid and add 300 μL of 1x Wash Solution to each well. Let stand for 1 minute, shake off the wash solution, and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this process three times (a plate washer can also be used). 5. Add Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution: Add 100 μL of Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. 6. Washing: Discard the liquid and wash the plate five times as in step 4. 7. Adding substrate: Add 90 μL of substrate (TMB) to each well, cover with a sealing film, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. 8. Adding stop solution: Remove the ELISA plate and add 50 μL of stop solution directly to each well. Immediately measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm. Calculating experimental results: 1. Calculate the average OD value of the standard and sample replicates and subtract the OD value of the blank well as a correction factor. Plot the standard curve of the four-parameter logistic function on double-logarithmic graph paper, with concentration as the horizontal axis and OD value as the vertical axis. 2. If the sample OD value is higher than the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample appropriately and retest. Multiply the sample concentration by the corresponding dilution factor. |
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| Theory | This kit uses a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sample, standard, biotin-labeled detection antibody, and HRP conjugate are sequentially added to microwells pre-coated with Very Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (VLDLR) capture antibodies. After incubation and washing, the sample is developed using the substrate TMB. TMB converts to blue under the catalysis of HRP and to yellow under the action of acid. The intensity of the color is positively correlated with the Very Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (VLDLR) content in the sample. The absorbance (OD) is measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader to calculate the sample concentration. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | Human | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonym | Human Very Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor ELISA Kit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Detection Type | Double antibody sandwich method | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | The very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) is a transmembrane lipoprotein receptor in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family. It displays considerable homology with other members of this family. Discovered by T. Yamamoto in 1992, VLDLR is widely distributed throughout the body, including the heart, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and brain, but absent from the liver. This receptor plays an important role in cholesterol absorption, the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins including lipoprotein E, and neuronal migration in the developing brain. It is encoded by the VLDLR gene. Mutations in this gene may lead to various symptoms and diseases, including cleft malformation type I, cerebellar hypoplasia, and arteriosclerosis. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Strictly adhere to the specified incubation time and temperature to ensure accurate results. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25°C) before use. Refrigerate reagents immediately after use. 2. Improper plate washing may result in inaccurate results. Ensure that all liquid in the wells is aspirated thoroughly before adding substrate. Do not allow the wells to dry out during incubation. 3. Remove any residual liquid and fingerprints from the bottom of the plate, as this will affect the OD value. 4. The substrate developer solution should be colorless or very light in color. Do not use substrate solution that has turned blue. 5. Avoid cross-contamination of reagents and specimens to prevent erroneous results. 6. Avoid direct exposure to strong light during storage and incubation. 7. Do not expose any reagents to bleaching solvents or the strong fumes emitted by bleaching solvents. Any bleaching agent will destroy the biological activity of the reagents in the kit. 8. Do not use expired products, and do not mix components with different product numbers and batches. 9. Recombinant proteins from sources other than the kit may not be compatible with the antibodies in this kit and will not be recognized. 10. If there is a possibility of disease transmission, all samples should be managed properly and samples and testing devices should be handled according to prescribed procedures. |
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| Storage Temp. | If the unopened kit is stored at 4°C, the shelf life is 6 months. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 0.31-20 ng/mL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Applications | Tissue homogenates, cell lysates, and other biological fluids |
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4.5 ★★★★★
Based on 24 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Sleeping on a soft cool cloud..
Color: White, Size: King
This pillow is nice and soft it holds the coldness for a long time and I am a big man.. As far as value I think it is worth it for the quality that goes into making it..
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Reviewed in the United States on February 10, 2026
★★★★★ 4
Nice Pillow
Color: White, Size: King
I waited a few weeks before writing this review. It’s very difficult to find Info on this pillow but here’s my take on it.
Height:
It’s a nice height on the pillow. It has a 2” gusset which upon my research is a way to keep the inside foam and down at least 2” high.
Types of sleeping:
I find this pillow to be comfortable in all sleep positions. I do find that because it’s not full foam that you don’t get that full compression feeling so back sleep is not as comfortable to me as other pillows I’ve used but still very comfortable
Back:
Has enough height that my neck is supported. It’s not full foam so you will have to adjust your head position so it fits perfectly into the curve of the pillow for best support.
Side:
Thick enough that the compatibility with my mattress sink allows my body to be comfortably aligned. I have a medium hybrid tempurpedic luxe breeze.
Stomach:
Just barely thick enough to be comfortable. I sleep somewhat weird and like my arm to go under the pillow. This gives me the correct height for stomach sleeping if I put my head on the bottom part of the pillow. This also allows me to breathe lol.
Cooling
This pillow has awesome cooling. Even when I wake up the pillow is still ice cold. Never had this feeling before and I’m a hot sleeper so i really like this. Granted I do set my house temperature to like 73 to sleep. The sensor is right next to my bed so it’s a true 73.
Material
This has foam outer layers and a fiber fill. It really does feel unique and it’s comfy. It’s a decently heavy pillow too in king so that gives confidence there is good quality foam and materials in it.
One thing to know, the cover is “slippery” and it took some getting used to, even though I use a pillow case I can feel it slides in the case more than other pillows. I think it’s because the cover is very thing to promote airflow and heat transfer.
I wish it was adjustable for the price.
Price
I like the pillow, and got mine on sale. But I do think it’s a bit overpriced for what it is. Evidently the sale price I got wasn’t a good price and it’s gone as much as 20% off. Oh well.
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Reviewed in the United States on August 18, 2023
★★★★★ 3
Great Cooling, But Lacking Support
Color: White, Size: Standard
I have to agree with some of the other reviews—this pillow just doesn't offer enough support. It initially feels plush and inviting, but after a minute or so, your head sinks too far and ends up pressing against the underlying latex, which has a rubbery, somewhat uncomfortable feel. It might be an excellent fit for those with smaller frames, but for me, it fell short in terms of proper neck and head support.
On the plus side, the cooling aspect is impressive. It's cool to the touch and noticeably more breathable than many pillows I've tried. I've seen some complaints about it not staying cool all night, but honestly, no pillow really does. Casper's claim of "12 hours of cooling" seems like marketing optimism—your body heat will eventually warm up any pillow, no matter how well-designed. That’s just basic thermodynamics.
All in all, it's a well-made pillow with excellent cooling performance. If you have a smaller frame, this could be a great choice. Unfortunately, it just didn’t work for my needs.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 7, 2025
★★★★★ 1
Is this a joke?
Color: White, Size: King
I don't usually write reviews, but I have to for this pillow. The pillow measures 16" x 32", not 18" x 34" as stated in the description. That's not really a big deal, but they should have the correct size in the description. The problem with this pillow is the total lack of support. My head falls through this pillow within a half hour of laying my head on it. This causes me neck pain and I have to switch to my old pillow in the middle of the night. I'm a bigger dude that's 6'3" and I only sleep on my side. I thought this pillow would be great based on the other reviews that stated it works for side sleepers. I would describe this pillow as a greatly overpriced marshmallow. The pillow does have some decent cooling properties, but they don't last all night as described. This pillow would probably work great for someone who sleeps on their stomach. I wouldn't recommend this pillow to a bigger dude that's a side sleeper.
Note: I did find a great Casper pillow that works for me. I bought the Casper Sleep Essential Cooling Foam pillow on Amazon. It's the one that's all foam with a phase change layer to help with cooling. The pillow has great support and it doesn't cause me any neck pain. The best part is the price, it cost less than half the price of the Hybrid Snow Pillow. I hope this review helps someone.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 28, 2024
★★★★★ 5
A Near Perfect Pillow
Color: White, Size: King
I was hesitant to order this pillow because it was so expensive. I was looking for a cooling pillow and after a previously purchased pillow lost it's "cool" after a few nights of sleeping on it, I was concerned that this Casper pillow would do the same.
The pillow is so comfortable. My only complaint is that it does not seem to hold the coolness all night. I find I need to flip the pillow over part way through the night. But, when I flip the pillow, it is perfectly cool.
The pillow is supportive without being too firm. I love this pillow!
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Reviewed in the United States on June 19, 2024