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Description
Human LOX ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Experimental equipment required for the experiment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High precision pipette and gun tips: 0. 5 10uL, 5 50uL, 20 200uL, 200 1000uL 3. 37 constant temperature box 4. Distilled water or deionized water Sample processing and requirements: 1. Serum: Place the whole blood sample collected in the serum separation tube at room temperature for 2 hours or at 4 overnight, then centrifuge at 1000g for 20
Product Specification
| Usage |
Experimental equipment required for the experiment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High-precision pipette and gun tips: 0.5-10uL, 5-50uL, 20-200uL, 200-1000uL 3. 37℃ constant temperature box 4. Distilled water or deionized water Sample processing and requirements: 1. Serum: Place the whole blood sample collected in the serum separation tube at room temperature for 2 hours or at 4℃ overnight, then centrifuge at 1000×g for 20 minutes, and take the supernatant, or store the supernatant at -20℃ or -80℃, but avoid repeated freezing and thawing. 2. Plasma: Collect the specimen using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge the specimen at 1000 × g for 15 minutes at 2-8°C within 30 minutes of collection. The supernatant can be assayed or stored at -20°C or -80°C, but avoid repeated freezing and thawing. 3. Tissue homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre-chilled PBS (0.01M, pH 7.4) to remove residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh the tissue and mince it. Add the minced tissue to the appropriate volume of PBS (generally a 1:9 weight-to-volume ratio, e.g., 1 g of tissue sample to 9 mL of PBS. The specific volume can be adjusted according to experimental needs and recorded. It is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS) in a glass homogenizer and grind thoroughly on ice. To further lyse tissue cells, the homogenate can be sonicated or repeatedly frozen and thawed. Finally, centrifuge the homogenate at 5000 × g for 5-10 minutes, and the supernatant can be assayed. 4. Cell Lysis Buffer: Gently wash adherent cells with ice-cold PBS, then trypsinize and collect cells by centrifugation at 1000×g for 5 minutes. Suspension cells can be collected directly by centrifugation. Wash collected cells three times with ice-cold PBS and resuspend in 150-200 μL of PBS per 1×10^6 cells (it is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS; if the cell count is very low, reduce the PBS volume appropriately). Disrupt the cells by repeated freeze-thaw cycles or sonication. Centrifuge the extract at 1500×g for 10 minutes at 2-8°C, and remove the supernatant for analysis. 5. Cell Culture Supernatant: Centrifuge at 1000×g for 20 minutes. Remove the supernatant for analysis or store at -20°C or -80°C, avoiding repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 6. Other biological fluids: Centrifuge at 1000xg for 20 minutes, remove the supernatant, and test. Pre-test preparation: 1. Remove the test kit from the refrigerator 10 minutes in advance and equilibrate to room temperature. 2. Prepare the standard gradient working solution: Add 1 mL of universal diluent to the lyophilized standard, let it stand for 15 minutes to completely dissolve, then gently mix (concentration is 10 ng/mL). Then dilute to the following concentrations: 10 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.25 ng/mL, 0.625 ng/mL, 0.3125 ng/mL, 0.15625 ng/mL, and 0 ng/mL. Serial dilution method: Take seven EP tubes and add 500uL of universal diluent to each. Pipette 500uL of the 10ng/mL standard working solution into the first EP tube and mix thoroughly to make a 5ng/mL standard working solution. Repeat this procedure for subsequent tubes. The last tube serves as a blank well; there is no need to pipette liquid from the penultimate tube. See the figure below for details. 3. Preparation of biotinylated detection antibody working solution: Centrifuge the concentrated biotinylated antibody at 1000×g for 1 minute 15 minutes before use. Dilute the 100× concentrated biotinylated antibody to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10uL concentrate + 990uL universal diluent). Prepare and use immediately. 4. Prepare the enzyme conjugate working solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the 100× concentrated enzyme conjugate at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated HRP enzyme conjugate to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10 μL of concentrate + 990 μL of universal diluent). Prepare immediately. 5. Prepare the 1× wash solution: Dispense 10 mL of 20× wash solution into 190 mL of distilled water (concentrated wash solution removed from the refrigerator may crystallize; this is normal. Allow to stand at room temperature until the crystals have completely dissolved before preparing). Procedure: 1. Remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag after equilibration at room temperature for 10 minutes. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return to 4°C. 2. Sample addition: Add 100 μL of sample or standard of varying concentrations to the corresponding wells. Add 100 μL of universal diluent to the blank wells. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. (Recommendation: Dilute the sample to be tested at least 1-fold with universal diluent before adding it to the ELISA plate. This will reduce the impact of matrix effects on the test results. The sample concentration should be multiplied by the corresponding dilution factor when calculating the final sample concentration. It is recommended to run replicates for all test samples and standards.) 3. Add Biotinylated Antibody: Remove the ELISA plate and discard the liquid without washing. Add 100 μL of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution directly to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. 4. Wash: Discard the liquid and add 300 μL of 1x Wash Solution to each well. Let stand for 1 minute, shake off the wash solution, and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this process three times (a plate washer can also be used). 5. Add Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution: Add 100 μL of Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. 6. Washing: Discard the liquid and wash the plate five times as in step 4. 7. Adding substrate: Add 90 μL of substrate (TMB) to each well, cover with a sealing film, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. 8. Adding stop solution: Remove the ELISA plate and add 50 μL of stop solution directly to each well. Immediately measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm. Calculating experimental results: 1. Calculate the average OD value of the standard and sample replicates and subtract the OD value of the blank well as a correction factor. Plot the standard curve of the four-parameter logistic function on double-logarithmic graph paper, with concentration as the horizontal axis and OD value as the vertical axis. 2. If the sample OD value is higher than the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample appropriately and retest. Multiply the sample concentration by the corresponding dilution factor. |
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| Theory | This kit uses a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sample, standard, biotin-labeled detection antibody, and HRP conjugate are sequentially added to microwells pre-coated with a lysyl oxidase (LOX) capture antibody. After incubation and washing, the sample is developed using the substrate TMB. TMB is converted to blue under the catalysis of HRP and to yellow under the action of acid. The intensity of the color is positively correlated with the amount of lysyl oxidase (LOX) in the sample. The absorbance (OD) is measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader to calculate the sample concentration. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | Human | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonym | Human Lysyl Oxidase ELISA Kit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Detection Type | Double antibody sandwich method | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | Lysine oxidase (LOX), also known as protein lysine 6-oxidase, is encoded by the LOX gene. It catalyzes the conversion of lysine molecules into highly reactive aldehydes, which form cross-links in extracellular matrix proteins. Its inhibition can cause osteoporosis, but its upregulation by tumor cells can also promote metastasis, leading to malignant and cancerous transformation of existing tumors. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Strictly adhere to the specified incubation time and temperature to ensure accurate results. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25°C) before use. Refrigerate reagents immediately after use. 2. Improper plate washing may result in inaccurate results. Ensure that all liquid in the wells is aspirated thoroughly before adding substrate. Do not allow the wells to dry out during incubation. 3. Remove any residual liquid and fingerprints from the bottom of the plate, as this will affect the OD value. 4. The substrate developer solution should be colorless or very light in color. Do not use substrate solution that has turned blue. 5. Avoid cross-contamination of reagents and specimens to prevent erroneous results. 6. Avoid direct exposure to strong light during storage and incubation. 7. Do not expose any reagents to bleaching solvents or the strong fumes emitted by bleaching solvents. Any bleaching agent will destroy the biological activity of the reagents in the kit. 8. Do not use expired products, and do not mix components with different product numbers and batches. 9. Recombinant proteins from sources other than the kit may not be compatible with the antibodies in this kit and will not be recognized. 10. If there is a possibility of disease transmission, all samples should be managed properly and samples and testing devices should be handled according to prescribed procedures. |
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| Storage Temp. | If the unopened kit is stored at 4°C, the shelf life is 6 months. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 0.156-10 ng/mL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Applications | Serum, plasma, tissue homogenate, cell lysate, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids |
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4.2 ★★★★★
Based on 16 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Great Execution Book!
Format: Hardcover
I just finished "Measure What Matters" by John Doerr. Such a great book full of advice for companies struggling with #execution.
My favorite #quotes from this book:
"Good ideas with great execution are how you make magic." @Larry Page
"Ideas are easy. Execution is everything."
"I view this year's failure as next year's opportunity to try it again." @Gordon Moore
"Specific hard goals produce a higher level of output than vaguely worded ones."
"Set goals from bottom up."
"Dare to fail."
"... four OKR superpowers: focus, alignment, tracking, and stretching."
"Bad companies are destroyed by crisis. Good companies survive them. Great companies are improved by them." @Andy Grove
"When you are tired of saying it, people are starting to hear it." Jeff Weiner
"Done is better than perfect." Sheryl Sandberg
"... if we try to focus on everything, we focus on nothing."
"Growth costs money."
"... you can only do one big thing at a time really well, and so you better know what that one is."
"Doing too much too soon will definitely end in pain."
"To inspire true commitment, leaders must practice what they teach"
"Transparency seeds collaboration."
"Having a good mission is not enough. You need a concrete objective, and to need to know how you're going to get there."
"... my favorite definition of entrepreneurs: Those who do more than anyone thinks possible ... with less than anyone thinks possible."
"If you set a crazy, ambitious goal and miss it, you'll still achieve something remarkable." @Larry Page
"Stretch goals can be crushing if people do not believe they're achievable. That's where the art of framing comes in."
"Feedback is an opinion, grounded in observations and experiences, which allows us to know what impression we make on others." Sheryl Sandberg
"Feedback can be highly constructive- but only if it is specific."
"Continuous recognition is a powerful driver of engagement."
"... a really good company values different opinions."
"... behavior defines a company more meaningfully than product lines or market share."
"Vision-based leadership beats command-and-control."
"People watch what you do more than what you say."
"Time is the enemy of transformation."
"... there was no shame in trying your hardest and failing, not when OKRs help you fail smart and fail fast."
"Goal setting is more art than science."
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Reviewed in the United States on September 20, 2018
★★★★★ 3
helpful and moderately entertaining
Format: Kindle
Like most business books this likely could have been a long journal article, but overall still worth a quick read.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 10, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Excellent way to learn about a framework used by Andy Grove and Google. Specific examples and case studies are terrific!
Format: Hardcover
I couldn’t put this book down, so I read it in one sitting.
Many business books talk about the organizational brilliance of Andy Grove's Intel, Google, disruptive startups, and high-performing charities. This one actively teaches you how to mimic their organizational brilliance. The book distinguishes itself by providing clear examples of how OKRs help organizations achieve their full potential. Primary source documents, including internal memos, show how Intel CEO Andy Grove used OKRs to rapidly respond to competitive threats.
As an admirer of Google, I enjoyed learning how OKRs were used at key points in its history. When Google employed 25 people, CEO Larry Page set OKRs for every engineer. When Chrome sought to disrupt the browser market, OKRs enhanced the product team’s creativity. When YouTube sought to establish its own identity within Google, OKRs helped the team set appropriate business goals. It’s really nice that specific OKRs from Google’s history are included in the book.
Some people mistakenly believe that OKRs only work for Google, and the book provides clear examples of how OKRs were successfully implemented by startups, large corporations, and non-profit organizations. Entrepreneurs will enjoy learning how fitness, education, healthcare, and food delivery startups used OKRs to find new markets and manage their expanding headcount. Fans of corporate transformations will enjoy learning how OKRs led to human resources and technology process overhauls at some of the world's largest companies. Non-profit leaders will enjoy learning how the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Bono used OKRs to impact millions.
All in all, I found the chapters to be short yet impactful, and arranged in a logical sequence. I particularly liked that as the book progresses, it provides clear examples of how to overcome the nuances of implementing OKRs. I felt my OKR-setting muscles getting stronger by the end of the book.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 30, 2018
★★★★★ 4
... Doerr began his career under the tutelage of the great Andy Grove
Author John Doerr began his career under the tutelage of the great Andy Grove, CEO of Intel, who transformed that company into the world's largest manufacturer of semiconductors. It was Andy Grove who turned a simple method “OKRs”, into a devastatingly effective business tool which became the lifeblood of Intel.
In 1978, Intel had developed the first high-performance, 16-bit microprocessor, the 8086. Soon it was getting overtaken by Motorola’s 68000 which was easier to program. Using OKRs, Intel launched “Operation Crush” to deal with this threat. The results were fast, focused and effective. “When we smacked Motorola between the eyes,” Doerr writes, “A manager there told me, ‘I couldn’t get a plane ticket from Chicago to Arizona approved in the time you took to launch your campaign.’”
Doerr left Intel to join the venture capital firm at Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, and became an early investor in Google. There he managed to entrench Andy Grove’s business tool to great effect and it is acknowledged as a key contributor to Google’s success. The results have made Doerr the 105th richest man in the US. This book describes how to use this tool.
John Doerr is the current evangelist for OKRs, OKR stands for Objectives and Key Results. As a strategist, I know the importance of knowing where you are going or as Yogi Berra pithily said: "If you don’t know where you’re going, you might not get there.” However, as Doerr writes, and as you and I know, “Ideas are easy. Execution is everything.”
OKRs are for executing. An “objective” is simply what is to be achieved, no more and no less. Key results benchmark and monitor how we get to the objective. The difference between ‘key results’ and ‘key performance indicators’ are very different. I may really be impressed that you performed well, but your efforts are only useful if you achieved the results I need.
Marissa Mayer would say of OKRs, “It’s not a key result unless it has a number.” With a number attached, OKRs are either met of not met. There is no grey area, no room for doubt. The time frame for an OKR can vary from a month to a quarter or more, but at the end of the period, they have either been met or they have not.
When the objective is clear and specific, it produces far better results than when it is vaguely worded. ‘Performance excellence,’ or ‘Customer satisfaction’ are very different when expressed as ‘98% error free’, or ‘delivered within 12 hours’.
Aside from Google and Intel, OKR adherents include IT firms such as AOL, Dropbox, LinkedIn, Oracle, Slack, Spotify, and Twitter. But adherents also include firms such as Anheuser-Busch, BMW, Disney, Exxon, and Samsung.
The simplicity of the design of OKRs hides the complexity of implementing the method. When the OKR is formulated, it will undergo iteration – this is inevitable. And this is not the problem. The problem is the commitment of the most senior managers to the discipline that is required.
Without the most senior managers' commitment this will fail, much as your previous systems have failed to produce the promised result. In a meta-analysis of seventy studies, high commitment to managing the company by objectives showed a productivity increase of 56%. Where that commitment was low, productivity increases were a mere 6%.
The problem with getting results is compounded when we are employing people to think. On an assembly line, it’s easy enough to distinguish output from activity. It gets trickier when employees are paid to think.
In a thinking environment, many of the benefits of OKRs are highlighted. A particular challenge for many in such an environment is separating the person from the activity. All too often, feedback becomes very personal leading many managers to avoid confronting non-performance. When the focus is on unequivocal results that can be tracked, then non-performance can move to an analytical discussion. After all, a performance management system is a tool, not a weapon.
The OKR is formulated as “We will achieve a certain objective as measured by the following key results. This begins at the highest appropriate level of the organization and then all below can align their OKRs to this meta-OKR.
When Bob Noyce and Andy Grove began the “Crush” project, the directive to Intel’s management level was simple and clear: “We’re going to win in 16-bit microprocessors. We’re committed to this.” This objective was given to the top one hundred people at the meeting. It was conveyed to the next level in 24 hours. Intel was close to a billion-dollar company at the time, and “it turned on a dime” - through a clear, aligned, objective and a clear required result.
The “Crush” project included top management, the entire sales force, four different marketing departments, and three geographic locations—all working together as one. It was proof of Andy Groves assertion that “Bad companies are destroyed by crisis. Good companies survive them. Great companies are improved by them.”
Great companies are not great because they have a great idea, but because their execution is great. There are no exceptions. Those who do not have excellent execution are an accident waiting to happen. Using OKRs, a successful organization can focus on the handful of initiatives that can make a real difference and defer the less urgent ones.
The very act of formulating the objective makes communication with clarity possible. Focusing on results rather than activities allows people to adjust their activities to meet the results, rather than to slavishly following performance indicators, as the environment changes.
Consider this horrifying finding: In a survey of eleven thousand senior executives and managers, a majority couldn’t name their company’s top priorities!
“There are so many people working so hard and achieving so little,” Andy Grove noted. To address this issue will require commitment to making the OKR process effective, and this commitment should not be understated, which is why it has to start from the very top.
If you are a leader of your business your commitment should start with a reading of John Doerr’s book, and then share it with your colleagues.
My personal experience with the process is best summed up by actress Mae West’s famous statement: I never said it would be easy, I only said it would be worth it.
Readability Light --+-- Serious
Insights High ---+- Low
Practical High +---- Low
*Ian Mann of Gateways consults internationally on strategy and implementation and is the author of the recently released ‘Executive Update.’
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Reviewed in the United States on July 27, 2018
★★★★★ 5
An incredible book that will change your perspective on life.
Format: Paperback
For a long time, I have been reading the works of great poets such as Rumi and Hafez with little knowledge of other poets of the past. However, with confidence, I can say that Kalil Gibran fits into the group of the greatest poets of all time for his wonderous style of writing that invites you into his literary magic. This book guides you along lessons that cover every aspect of life- marriage, children, friendship, etc. The lessons in this book will change your view on life's greatest challenges. Even after you finish the book, you can always come back and review a chapter that you would like to refresh on. Overall, this book is great for anyone who loves poetry and can decipher old English to uncover the beautiful message that Gibran offers to his readers.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 11, 2024