SKU: 22663287598

Hard carbon paper

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Description

Hard carbon paperProduct Name Name: Hard carbon paper Product Overview Hard carbon refers to carbon that is difficult to graphitize, usually obtained by thermal decomposition of cross linked resins with special structures at around 1000 C Common hard carbons include resin carbon, organic polymer pyrolytic carbon, and carbon black. Hard carbon is also a highly regarded negative electrode material in sodium ion batteries. The negative electrode material of sodium ion

Product Name

Name:Hard carbon paper


Product Overview

 

Hard carbon refers to carbon that is difficult to graphitize, usually obtained by thermal decomposition of cross-linked resins with special structures at around 1000 ¡ãC Common hard carbons include resin carbon, organic polymer pyrolytic carbon, and carbon black. Hard carbon is also a highly regarded negative electrode material in sodium ion batteries. The negative electrode material of sodium ion batteries, as the main body of sodium storage in batteries, plays a decisive role in the development of batteries. Compared with other negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries, hard carbon has the characteristics of disordered internal crystal arrangement and large interlayer spacing, which enables the hard carbon negative electrode to store more charges at the same volume, improving the energy density and endurance of sodium ion batteries. Meanwhile, due to the larger pore structure of hard carbon, it can accommodate more sodium ions, resulting in more uniform expansion and contraction of the electrode during discharge, which increases its cycling stability, charge discharge performance, and prolongs the cycling life of sodium ion batteries. At present, sodium ion batteries have become a hot topic in research and industrialization both domestically and internationally. With the deepening of related research and the development of technology, the market size of hard carbon negative electrode materials is expected to continue to grow. However, there is still no unified understanding of the sodium storage mechanism of hard carbon, and further research is needed to reveal its structure-activity relationship with electrochemical reaction mechanisms, as well as to explore the influence of physical parameters of hard carbon materials on electrochemical performance.


Technical Parameter

 

Appearance:Black fibrous

Length:100-200μm(SEM)

Diameter:5-20μm(SEM)


Product Features

 

Difficult to graphitize: Even at high temperatures above 2500 ¡ãC it is difficult to graphitize.

Short range carbon layer stacking and long-range disordered structure: During the pyrolysis process, the carbon layer tends to grow in a planar direction, but the cross-linking structure in macromolecules hinders its planar growth. Therefore, the carbon layer in hard carbon cannot infinitely extend and grow into a graphite like layered structure, and can only exhibit a carbon layer stacking structure in the short range, while it remains disordered in the long range. Its structure is mainly composed of amorphous parts, with some carbon layers randomly stacked, resulting in defects and pores, while the other part of the carbon layer has a graphite microcrystalline structure, which has no orientation and is cross-linked with each other.

Large interlayer spacing and more micropores: Compared to graphite, hard carbon has a larger interlayer spacing and more micropores, which allows ions to be quickly inserted and removed. Correspondingly, there are more lithium storage active sites for ion insertion and removal, resulting in a larger specific capacity.

Excellent rate performance: Theoretically, hard carbon materials have good rate performance and can achieve high rate charging and discharging.

Long cycle life: The hard carbon structure is stable and has a long charge discharge cycle life.


Application Fields

 

New energy vehicles: Although there is still room for improvement in energy density and cycle life of sodium ion batteries, their performance indicators such as low temperature, safety, and fast charging are good, and they can be used in some new energy vehicles that do not require extreme endurance;

Large scale energy storage: With the rapid expansion of renewable energy generation such as solar and wind power, the demand for energy storage is also increasing. Sodium ion batteries have certain application prospects in the field of energy storage, and hard carbon as its negative electrode material can help improve the performance of energy storage batteries;

Consumer electronic devices, such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc., can meet the requirements of these devices for fast battery charging, safety, and other aspects;

Smart grid: In the smart grid, sodium ion batteries can be used in energy storage systems to help balance supply and demand, improve the stability and reliability of the grid;

Low speed transportation vehicles, such as electric bicycles, electric tricycles, etc., have relatively low requirements for battery weight and volume. Sodium ion batteries can be applied due to their cost advantage.


Related Information

Please e-mail for the detailed characterization data.

E-mail:[email protected]

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SKU: 22663287598

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Amazon Customer
Carnegie, US
★★★★★ 5
Wireless mouse
Color: Red
Nice item. Quiet click.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 10, 2026
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willie b
Natrona Heights, US
★★★★★ 5
Works good,good value
Color: Grey
Works good
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Reviewed in the United States on May 30, 2026
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MJW
Carnegie, US
★★★★★ 4
6 switches not for left handers
Color: Grey
It's everything as advertised... However if you are left handed the thumb switches are pressed inadvertenly by how you hold the mouse... and you find it skipping to another page...
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Reviewed in the United States on June 8, 2026
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RocketMan1969
Cuba, US
★★★★★ 5
A Truly Ergonomic Mouse
Number of Items: 1
Other not completely flat mice claim to be "ergonomic", but the only way to completely remove stress from your forearm when using a mouse is with a "vertical" mouse. My 2020 K75575WW Kensington ergonomic vertical mouse developed a problem with the left button "stuttering" so that it sent multiple button clicks when pressed just once. I liked the Kensington quite a bit. But it always just a little bit on the "not quite as solid as I would like" side, and failing after just 2.5 years confirmed this. So I wanted a more solidly build mouse. A search for "ergonomic mouse review" showed that the Logitech MX Master 3S was clearly the best ergonomic mouse available. At $100 it was several times more expensive as others including the latest Kensington vertical mouse. But sometimes furgal doesn't mean the least expensive. Sometimes it can mean the most expensive if that comes with better performance, features and lifespan. So I ordered it. And while it is indeed an incredible mouse, the angle is only about 20 degrees. The result is that while there is some reduction in forearm stress compared to a flat mouse, it wasn't enough for me. By the end of my very long days driving my mouse almost as much as I drive my keyboard, I could feel the tension building up in my forearm. So after a week I returned it and bought this Logitech MX Vertical. It is slightly less expensive than the MX Master 3S, but still much more expensive relative to other options. And while it is lighter and a little less substantial feeling in my hand than the MX Master 3S, it still feels very firm and solid. Most importantly keeps my hand in the neutral position with my fingers at about 70 degrees. A great feature of the MX Vertical shares with the MX Master 3S is the thumb rest. The Kensington didn't have this and so my thumb rested on the desktop. If it was a bit warm and my hands would sweat my thumb wouldn't slide smoothly and I would have to lift my thumb off the desk when I went to move the mouse. Not a horrible thing, but if you spend 8+ hours mousing around it gets tiresome. The button clicks are crisp. Best of all when the button bottoms out it feels like it is pressing against the case. It doesn't feel like travel is being limited by the switch itself bottoming out like the Kensington felt like it did. My hope is that this will keep the switch from wearing out so fast as happened with the Kensington. One slight negative of the MX Vertical is that I don't feel like I am quite as accurate in being able to move the cursor to a specific spot on the screen without some amount of conscious effort. Instead it doesn't go exactly in the direction I intended and overshoots where wanted it to stop. As such it might not make the best mouse for video games. [UPDATE: There is a bit of a learning curve in moving the mouse accurately. In the last couple weeks my need to make a more conscious effort to move the mouse to a specific spot on the screen is going down. Still think it is likely to not be as accurate as a flater mouse]
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Reviewed in the United States on February 13, 2023
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svpike
Fort Morgan, US
★★★★★ 5
Ergonomic, Comfortable, and Highly Functional Mouse
Number of Items: 1
The Logitech MX Vertical Wireless Mouse is an outstanding ergonomic mouse that truly reduces wrist and forearm strain. Its vertical design feels natural and comfortable, even during long hours of use, making it a great choice for anyone concerned about repetitive strain or discomfort. The mouse connects seamlessly via Bluetooth or the included USB receiver, and the ability to switch between three different devices is incredibly convenient for multitasking. The precision and smooth tracking make it excellent for both work and creative tasks. Overall, this mouse combines comfort, functionality, and versatility in one sleek package. It’s well worth the investment for anyone looking to improve ergonomics and productivity.
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Reviewed in the United States on December 29, 2025

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