★★★★★ 4
Beautiful and profound, albeit flawed
Format: Hardcover
What I'd really like to rate this is 4 1/2 stars, because it isn't perfect, but it's better than a 4. I just can't bear to give it a 5, for reasons described below.
The book has three main parts, each named for a theological virtue of the title. Altogether there are 40 chapters: 14 dedicated to faith, 10 to hope, and 16 to charity. A couple of "Bonus" chapters called "Excursus" take up some interesting theological questions that are related but don't quite fall under any one topic: did Jesus possess the theological virtues? and From God as Love to the Filioque.
The book is deeply learned and cites theologians through the centuries, including a few I'd never heard of despite a lot of formal and informal theological study. Of course you meet the usual suspects such as Origen, pseudo-Dionysius, Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, Catherine of Siena, John of the Cross, Mother Teresa, and others; but: have YOU heard of St. Zeno of Verona before? If not, you're in for a treat!
The text has more of an Augustinian flavor than a Scholastic one. (I should qualify that claim by admitting that I am at best an armchair theologian, so don't quote me on that.) But, for example: Chapter 39 discusses Beauty, uses the idea of God's eternal Beauty to explain the Trinity, and concludes with St. Augustine's "recipe" for becoming beautiful. Indeed, an in-depth discussion of the Trinity doesn't appear at all until Part 3 on Charity, rather than in the chapter on Faith!
An important distinction that Fr. Cantalamessa draws is between "objective" aspects of a theological virtue and the "subjective" aspects of the same. The "objective" aspects refer to the object of the virtue, such as God Himself; the "subjective" aspects refer to how we experience them. He points out that, historically, the "objective" view tended to predominate in theological discussion, whereas the "subjective" view tends to dominate more recently, almost to the exclusion of the objective. It will probably not surprise the reader that Fr. Cantalamessa, former Preacher to the Papal Hosuehold, comes down squarely in the Catholic approach of "both/and", and he elaborates on this.
A very appealing aspect of this book is the occasional use of parable and analogy to explain difficult subjects: a parable on trying to justify ourselves by our works (Ch. 7), analogies for "the hint that God exists" (ch. 5), the analogy of the seed (ch. 14), an analogy that hope needs difficulties and tribulations (ch. 22), the Trinity (ch. 29), God's love for us is erotic (ch. 34), and how we might hope that even Nietzsche can be saved (ch. 37). Many analogies, though not all, are drawn from ordinary family life: a mother's love for a child, a child's temper tantrum before collapsing in tears on a parent. These are powerful and effective.
Unfortunately, I can't rate it 5 stars, because the text seems to consider its audience to be the average educated lay Catholic, but there are two serious weaknesses both for the theological newbie and even for the theological adolescent.
One is the use of many unfamiliar terms, some of them merely transliterated from Greek, and no definition given anywhere -- often, not even a hint of what the word may mean. In some cases this can make it difficult to follow the discussion. For instance, the text dedicates two entire chapters to the question of justification, which makes sense given that it's an important topic in the realm of faith, and it's important to take it seriously. But the book never once provides a definition, which suggests the reader should be familiar with the term already. I guarantee you most people don't know what the word means. But even if you think that a definition of "justification" will indeed come tripping off the average reader's tongue, I challenge you to make a case for terms like ontological, parousia, and parenesis. I've been reading Catholic theology for 30 years and parenesis is a new one even to me. Sure, the reader might could look them up, and I'm glad to expand my vocabulary, but who's the audience here? If the text is meant only for seminarians, then never mind, but given how Word on Fire is marketing this I really don't think that is the case.
The second major weakness is all the more disappointing, as it is so common to contemporary works of theology: when newer developments seem to contradict past dogma or even Scripture itself, pretend the dogma and Scripture doesn't exist. This happens at least twice:
1) Surely Fr. Cantalamessa is not unaware that Scripture both Old and New is replete with references to Christ "ransoming" us from God's wrath. Yet there he is in Chapter 31, not merely acting as if it doesn't exist, but contemptuously dismissive of the notion! Grant the Scholastics this much: at least they took Matthew 20.28, Romans 1.18, Romans 2.5-8, 1 Timothy 2.6, 1 Peter 1.18-19, and Revelation 19.15 seriously enough to wrestle with them.
2) Similarly, the Council of Florence made certain pronouncements on "those existing outside the Catholic Church" and "the souls of those who depart this life in actual mortal sin, or in original sin alone." Chapter 14 acts as if they do not exist. I do not for a moment mean to advocate for the "glass half-empty" interpretation of these pronouncements that predominated theological discourse for centuries, let alone for Feeneyism, but we ignore them at our peril, if only because ignoring them leaves a great big breach in the apologetic wall that will come under assault both from those who do reject the Second Vatican Council and from hostile Protestants more knowledgeable of Catholic theological history than the average Catholic and, one half-wonders, the average Catholic theologian.
Those drawbacks, while severe enough in my eyes to warrant mention and deduct a star, do not for a moment take away from the beauty and profundity of the rest of this work. I am very glad to have had the chance to read it; it has challenged me both intellectually and spiritually, and I have given it to my (late teenage) children to read and discuss with me. It is absolutely worth reading, and you WILL get a lot out of it. Just be ready for the challenge.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 25, 2025
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