SKU: 15186468086

The First Social Democracy: The Democratic Republic of Georgia, 1918-1921

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The First Social Democracy: The Democratic Republic of Georgia, 1918-1921The enthralling, forgotten story of how the world's first social democracy took shape in the wake of the Russian Revolution. Following the collapse of the Russian Empire, the small nation of Georgia established its independence in May 1918. Its leaders surprised the world by creating the first social democratic state. Based on a combination of parliamentarianism and direct democracy, it was a representative government of the peasants and workers

The enthralling, forgotten story of how the world's first social democracy took shape in the wake of the Russian Revolution.

Following the collapse of the Russian Empire, the small nation of Georgia established its independence in May 1918. Its leaders surprised the world by creating the first social democratic state. Based on a combination of parliamentarianism and direct democracy, it was a representative government of the peasants and workers themselves, with ballots in their hands.

The First Social Democracy is the definitive history of a government that should inspire social democrats today. Stephen F. Jones chronicles how the founders of the new state navigated myriad challenges, including territorial threats from abroad, internal ethnic conflicts, and geopolitical rivalries between the imperial Ottomans, the British, and the Germans. In the midst of these existential challenges, Georgia's social democrats set about writing a constitution to put the country on a distinctive path of genuine self-government--protecting democratic rights, promoting political pluralism, and championing equality. Jones brings to life the passionate debates that shaped Georgia's democracy during a moment of acute global instability.

The Democratic Republic of Georgia was strangled in its crib. Just four days after the constitution was ratified, the capital fell to the Red Army. Under Soviet rule, the republic was lost to history. Soviet scholars were forbidden to research this Georgian story, and Western scholars had little interest in a small and peripheral state that was independent for only three years. Recovering a forgotten experiment in democratic citizenship and statecraft, Jones reminds us of those audacious times when Georgians created and defended political freedom against the rise of Soviet communism.

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SKU: 15186468086

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I. am
Waukegan, US
★★★★★ 3
Chew ball and carrot only things to last.
The chew ball is awesome. Lasts forever. The carrot and multicolored rope bone also last and are very durable. The flamingo lasted ten minutes and the stuffing went everywhere quickly, I converted it into a makeshift smaller rope chew, lol. The banana had appeal….but my dogs destroyed it in two days. I liked the banana but it is flimsy. So far I’ve sequestered the Star and “meat” toys, they don’t look to durable. It’s a cheap product so you get what it’s worth. I wanted a cool flamingo but the flamingo was the easiest for my Brussels Griffon to destroy. All in all the carrot and chew ball are good but the rest not so much. Two stars.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 1, 2022
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Layla hiler
Carnegie, US
★★★★★ 5
Puppy loved them.
Style: 8 - Pack Frog
My puppy loved them. The bone looks kinda weird though.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 6, 2026
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Nakita knight
West Palm Beach, US
★★★★★ 5
Love
Style: 8 - Pack Frog
Love these this is like our fourth bundle for the price and everything that comes with it is a great deal
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Reviewed in the United States on June 14, 2026
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Amazon Customer
Massapequa, US
★★★★★ 5
One of the best indestructible dog toys we've bought
Color: 5pack, Size: Large
So we adopted a pup in December and she tears up everything! I mean, Everything! My CPAP, garden hoses, trucks seat belt and backup camera wiring. Every single dog toy with stuffing, dismantle them in minutes. So many dog toys say they are are tear proof. nope! We have tons of stuffing all over our 5 acres. Hen m wife bought these. Beside the bones she bought, these are the only things she can't seem to destroy and she loves them!!!!
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Reviewed in the United States on June 3, 2026
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susan said so
Grantham, US
★★★★★ 5
BEST Dog Toys EVER! JRT approved
Color: 5pack, Size: Large
🌟 🌟 🌟 🌟 🌟 for these toys! We have terriers who have NEVER met a toy they couldn't destroy... until now. We've had them over a week an all 5 are still intact, crinkly, and squeakers squeaking - and they're played with constantly! When I tell you I've never, in all my years of JRT ownership and rescue, had a toy last 24 hours, much less a WEEK? Well, lots of you will know how astonishing that is! We've currently got 5 dogs (2 fosters, anyone looking for a project?) so the package size is perfect. Get 'em.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 11, 2026

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